JurnalPost.com - For most parents, seeing their child return home from school with a bright smile is a relief. That smile is often seen as a sign that their day at school went smoothly and was filled with laughter among friends.
However, observing student interactions in primary school classrooms shows that this is not always the case. A child's smile does not necessarily reflect a calm inner state. Behind a face that appears to be doing fine, there are sometimes emotional wounds resulting from peer dynamics.
When discussing bullying (bullying), the image that first comes to mind is usually physical violence, such as being pushed, hit, or extorted. In reality, bullying among upper-grade primary school children, particularly in the age range of 9–11 years old, can also manifest in invisible forms.
Systematic exclusion, cold stares, teasing related to physical appearance (body shaming), and derogatory comments in class chat groups can cause serious psychological impact. This type of social violence is like a poison that slowly erodes a child's self-confidence.
Reading the Silent Signals of a Child's Trauma
One of the greatest challenges for parents is the fact that children in this age range may not have the adequate ability to express the emotional pressure they are experiencing.
As a result, their bodies and behaviors often become the medium for conveying things that are difficult to put into words.
These silent signals can appear as somatic complaints, which are physical symptoms related to psychological stress.
Has your child ever suddenly complained of a stomachache, nausea, or headache every time they are about to leave for school, only for those complaints to decrease or disappear on holidays?
Some parents might dismiss this as just an excuse to skip school. In reality, these complaints could be related to anxiety or the emotional pressure the child feels when they have to return to an environment they perceive as threatening.
Nevertheless, recurring physical complaints should still be noted and checked to rule out potential medical causes.
In addition to physical complaints, changes in social behavior also warrant attention. Parents need to be more sensitive when a child who was previously cheerful and sociable suddenly withdraws, spends more time isolating themselves in their room, is reluctant to talk about school activities, or experiences a decline in concentration.
In some cases, emotional pressure can also manifest through unusual outbursts of anger when the child faces simple problems at home.
These changes do not always indicate bullying. However, if they occur repeatedly, parents need to find out the cause through warm and non-judgmental communication.
The Root of the Problem: Emotional Regulation
Why does bullying occur and persist? One factor to consider is the ability to regulate emotions.
Some children who engage in bullying may struggle to understand and manage negative emotions. They are not yet fully capable of dealing with anger, disappointment, or feelings of insecurity (insecurity) in a healthy way.
In certain conditions, these emotions can be expressed through behaviors of domination, belittling, or hurting peers. However, bullying behavior can also be influenced by social circles, power dynamics, and group norms.
On the other hand, children who are victims often face difficulties in managing fear and anxiety. They may choose to bury their painful experiences because they worry they will not be believed or fear receiving worse treatment if they report it.
If the immediate environment, especially the family, does not provide a safe space to express sadness and disappointment, that emotional pressure has the potential to continue accumulating.
In the long term, bullying experiences that are not handled well can affect a child's self-confidence, social relationships, and psychological well-being.
Therefore, the ability to recognize and manage emotions needs to be built from an early age, both through parenting at home and social-emotional learning at school.
Psychological First Aid at Home
So, what can parents do when they discover these signs?
An important first step is to provide emotional support using a psychological first aid approach (Psychological First Aid). In the context of parenting, this approach aims to help the child feel safe, heard, and supported.
The goal is not to immediately solve the entire problem, but to calm the child while building trust so they are willing to share their experiences.
Parents can start by evaluating their communication style.
When seeing a child looking gloomy, the spontaneous response that often arises is to ask a series of questions, such as, "What's wrong? Is someone bullying you at school? Who is it?"
Although based on concern, overly urgent questions can actually make the child feel like they are being interrogated and choose to close themselves off even more.
Conversely, parents can use a more empathetic approach by observing and validating the child's feelings.
Try sitting at their level, then say:
"I've noticed you seem very tired today and are quieter than usual. Whenever you're ready and have something you want to talk about, I'm here to listen."
That simple sentence sends the message that the child does not have to face their problems alone.
The presence of a parent who is willing to listen without interrupting, blaming, or judging can help the child feel safer in revealing the experiences they have been bottling up.
When the child starts to talk, avoid responses that minimize their experience, such as dismissing teasing as just a joke or asking the child to just forget about it.
Instead, show that the feelings of fear, sadness, or disappointment they are experiencing are worth listening to and respecting.
Building Cooperation with the School
If the child feels safe enough to talk and there are indications of bullying, the next step is to establish communication with the school.
Parents can contact the homeroom teacher, the guidance and counseling teacher, or the school official responsible for student protection.
Communication should be conducted collaboratively, prioritizing the safety and best interests of the child.
Handling bullying cannot be burdened solely on the child or the family. Cooperation between parents, students, teachers, and the school is required to create a learning environment that is safe and free from violence.
The school also needs to ensure that children who report bullying receive protection and do not experience intimidation or retaliation.
If the child's emotional pressure becomes increasingly heavy, lasts for a long time, or begins to interfere with daily activities, parents can consider seeking assistance from a psychologist or a competent professional.
Ultimately, recognizing the silent signals of bullying requires sensitivity and patience. It is not enough for parents to only pay attention to academic grades or school activities; they also need to understand the child's emotional state.
With ears ready to listen, empathetic communication, and an environment that provides a sense of security, we can help children navigate their difficult experiences.
The hope is that the smile they show after school is no longer just a way to hide their sadness, but truly becomes a reflection of a heart that feels safe, accepted, and happy.
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